The five lifestyle factors linked to mouth cancer
Promotional FeaturesPosted by: Dental Design 14th November 2024
Are you at risk?
Mouth cancer is becoming an increasingly serious issue across the UK, with 10,825 new cases diagnosed every year — a worrying 133% increase over the past two decades. Yet, despite this alarming rise, many people remain unaware of the main causes and risk factors that put them at risk.
Released during November’s Mouth Cancer Action Month, the latest research by the Oral Health Foundation highlights an alarming statistic: as few as 8% of the population are aware of the leading causes of mouth cancer.
The charity is deeply concerned that this lack of awareness might lead many to believe they’re not at risk, leaving them less likely to take steps to reduce their chances or remain alert to the early warning signs.
The Oral Health Foundation believes understanding your own risk is key to taking action – whether that means making small lifestyle changes or simply being more vigilant about your health.
To shed light on the key causes of mouth cancer and what can be done to lower your risk, a leading dentist from the charity, shares his expert insights.
Smoking
Smoking is linked to around 17% of mouth cancers in the UK. This includes cigarettes, pipes and cigars.
Despite this, 38% do not know it can lead to mouth cancer.
Dr Nigel Carter, Chief Executive of the Oral Health Foundation, says: “Tobacco use is a leading cause of mouth cancer. Quitting smoking or use of tobacco products can significantly reduce your risk. There are many resources available to help you quit smoking, including NHS smoking cessation services and local support groups.
“Regular dental check-ups are also crucial if you smoke. Your dental team can help you manage any oral diseases that have been caused by smoking and trained to spot anything more sinister if it arises.”
Smokeless and chewing tobacco
Smokeless and chewing tobacco can increase a person’s mouth cancer risk by up to four-and-a-half times. Yet, findings from the charity’s research shows 40% fail to make the link between the two.
In the UK, smokeless tobacco use is most prevalent among South Asian communities, particularly those of Bangladeshi, Indian, and Pakistani origin.
Common examples include chewing tobacco in loose or compressed leaves, snuff (a finely ground tobacco that can be dry or moist), dissolvable tobacco in tablets or strips, and snus (a moist snuff from Sweden placed under the upper lip).
“These products pose significant health risks and are often linked to cultural practices,” adds Dr Carter.
“If you use smokeless or chewing tobacco, it’s important to know that it’s not a safer alternative to smoking. This misconception can be dangerous. To protect your oral health, try to quit these products and seek help from healthcare professionals. Regular dental check-ups, maintaining good oral hygiene, and using support services can make a big difference.”
Alcohol
Drinking alcohol excessively accounts for an estimated 34% of mouth cancers. However, despite being one of the main causes, 58% do not know the risks.
Dr Carter says: “Excessive alcohol consumption is a major risk factor for mouth cancer, yet awareness remains alarmingly low. Many people who drink heavily might not realise the serious impact it has on their oral health.
“To address this, we must ensure that information, education, and support services are accessible to everyone, especially those who face barriers to healthcare.
“By reducing your alcohol intake and attending regular dental check-ups, you can significantly lower your risk of mouth cancer and improve your overall health.”
HPV
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a common virus that affects areas like the mouth, throat, and genitals. It’s usually spread through intimate skin-to-skin contact. Most people with HPV don’t show any symptoms and the infection often goes away on its own, but sometimes it can cause warts – for others can lead to cancers, such as cervical cancer and mouth cancer.
The number of mouth cancer cases linked to HPV is on the rise, with data showing that up to 73% of cancers in areas like the back of the tongue and tonsils are HPV-positive. Yet, despite this growing connection, only 8% of people are aware of the link between HPV and mouth cancer.
“The HPV vaccine has been offered to girls in the UK since 2008 and to boys since 2019,” adds Dr Carter. “I urge parents to ensure their children are vaccinated. It’s the most effective form of protection and it is vital this happens before a person becomes sexually active.
“For those who are older and haven’t been vaccinated, it’s important to be mindful of the threat HPV poses. Being vigilant to any changes in and around the mouth is crucial. Remember, just because you don’t smoke or drink, it doesn’t mean you’re free from the risk of mouth cancer.”
Diet and nutrition
A healthy diet plays a crucial role in reducing the risk of mouth cancer, yet only 33% of people make this connection. The association between diet and mouth cancer is often overlooked, but certain dietary choices can significantly lower the risk.
Dr Carter says: “A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and essential nutrients can substantially reduce the risk of developing mouth cancer. It’s important to incorporate these elements into your daily routine for better overall health.”
Research has shown that consuming fruits regularly can lower your risk by 48%, while taking Vitamin C supplements can reduce the risk by 24%. Calcium supplements are another excellent choice, lowering the risk by 36%. Caffeinated coffee, when consumed at four cups a day, can reduce your risk by 39%. Similarly, drinking green tea can lower the risk by 20%.
“By making small, consistent changes to your diet, you can significantly protect yourself against mouth cancer,” adds Dr Carter. “Stay vigilant about your health and make informed dietary choices to support your oral health.
“Understanding the risks associated with mouth cancer is crucial for everyone. Take the time to learn about your own risk factors and make informed choices to reduce them. If you know you’re at higher risk, be extra vigilant about changes in your mouth.
“Look out for mouth ulcers that don’t heal within three weeks, lumps or swellings, and red or white patches in the mouth. If you notice anything unusual, visit your doctor or dentist immediately. When it comes to mouth cancer, if in doubt, get checked out.”
For more information about mouth cancer and the risk factors, visit www.mouthcancer.org.
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